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''Opisthorchis felineus'', or cat liver fluke is a trematode parasite that infects the liver in mammals. It was first discovered in 1884 in a cat's liver by Sebastiano Rivolta of Italy. In 1891, Russian scientist K.N. Vinogradov found it in a human, and named the parasite a "Siberian liver fluke". In the 1930s, helminthologist Hans Vogel of Hamburg published an article describing the life cycle of ''Opisthorchis felineus''.〔() Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine〕 The first "intermediate hosts" of the parasite are freshwater snails ''Bithynia inflata'' (synonym: ''Codiella inflata''),〔 ''Bithynia troschelii''〔 and ''Bithynia leachii''.〔World Health Organization (1995). ''Control of Foodborne Trematode Infection''. WHO Technical Report Series. 849. (PDF part 1 ), (PDF part 2 ). page 125-126.〕 The second "intermediate hosts" are freshwater fish, followed by the final host, which are fish-eating mammals such as felines and humans. It is estimated that 1.5 million people in Russia are infected with the parasite. Inhabitants of Siberia acquire the infection by consuming raw, slightly salted and frozen fish. Opisthorchiasis, the disease caused by ''Opisthorchis felineus'', ranges in severity from asymptomatic infection to severe illness. Patient outcome is dependent on early detection and treatment. Human cases of opisthorchiasis may affect the liver, pancreas, and gall bladder. If not treated in the early stages, opisthorchiasis may cause cirrhosis of the liver and increased risk of liver cancer, but may be asymptomatic in children. Two weeks after flukes enter the body, the parasites infect the biliary tract. Symptoms of infection include fever, general felling of tiredness, skin rash, and gastrointestinal disturbances. Severe anemia and liver damage may also incapacitate the infected person for 1–2 months. Treatment of opisthorchiasis is generally with a single dose of praziquantel. ==See also== *List of parasites (human) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Opisthorchis felineus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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